{"id":31307,"date":"2024-03-14T12:53:15","date_gmt":"2024-03-14T11:53:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31307"},"modified":"2024-01-22T12:56:08","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T11:56:08","slug":"pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/","title":{"rendered":"Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndex de continguts<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Que_es_la_vesicula_biliar_i_on_es\" >Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ves\u00edcula biliar i on \u00e9s<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Que_son_les_pedres_a_la_vesicula_o_els_calculs_biliars\" >Qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n les pedres a la ves\u00edcula o els c\u00e0lculs biliars<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Qui_esta_en_situacio_de_risc\" >Qui est\u00e0 en situaci\u00f3 de risc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Quins_simptomes_es_manifesten\" >Quins s\u00edmptomes es manifesten<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Colics_biliars_de_repeticio_litiasi_biliar_cronica\" >C\u00f2lics biliars de repetici\u00f3 (litiasi biliar cr\u00f2nica)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Colecistitis_aguda\" >Colecistitis aguda<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Ictericia\" >Icter\u00edcia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Pancreatitis_aguda\" >Pancreatitis aguda<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Com_es_diagnostiquen\" >Com es diagnostiquen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Com_es_tracten_els_calculs_biliars\" >Com es tracten els c\u00e0lculs biliars<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Dissolucio_dels_calculs_amb_medicaments\" >Dissoluci\u00f3 dels c\u00e0lculs amb medicaments<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Litotricia_biliar\" >Litotr\u00edcia biliar<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Tractament_quirurgic\" >Tractament quir\u00fargic<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/pedres-a-la-vesicula-o-calculs-biliars-que-son-i-com-es-tracten\/#Quins_efectes_te_lextirpacio_de_la_vesicula\" >Quins efectes t\u00e9 l\u2019extirpaci\u00f3 de la ves\u00edcula<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"352\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31308\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares-440x194.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares-768x338.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Que_es_la_vesicula_biliar_i_on_es\"><\/span><strong>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ves\u00edcula biliar i on \u00e9s<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La ves\u00edcula \u00e9s un \u00f2rgan situat a sota del fetge, a la zona superior dreta de l\u2019abdomen, i t\u00e9 forma de sac. La ves\u00edcula es connecta al tub que condueix la bilis del fetge fins a l\u2019intest\u00ed. La bilis se secreta al fetge i s\u2019emmagatzema a la ves\u00edcula biliar. Es produeix segons la necessitat per absorbir els greixos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Que_son_les_pedres_a_la_vesicula_o_els_calculs_biliars\"><\/span><strong>Qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n les pedres a la ves\u00edcula o els c\u00e0lculs biliars<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La sedimentaci\u00f3 dels components de la bilis (colesterol, calci i sals biliars) s\u2019agrupa, en certs casos, en forma de pedres (c\u00e0lculs). La mida i consist\u00e8ncia que tenen s\u00f3n variables; de vegades no es formen c\u00e0lculs sin\u00f3 el que anomenem fang biliar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aquests c\u00e0lculs s\u00f3n causats per l\u2019exc\u00e9s de colesterol, que torna espessa la bilis i la pot endurir, fins que es converteix en vidres i posteriorment en pedres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Qui_esta_en_situacio_de_risc\"><\/span><strong>Qui est\u00e0 en situaci\u00f3 de risc<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>En general, \u00e9s m\u00e9s probable tenir c\u00e0lculs biliars amb l\u2019edat, de manera que sobretot afecta la gent gran; per\u00f2 poden apar\u00e8ixer a qualsevol edat. Es consideren grups de risc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Els qui tenen familiars amb c\u00e0lculs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La gent que pateix d\u2019obesitat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Els <a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000403.htm\">hipercolesterol\u00e8mics<\/a> (els quals tenen nivells elevats de colesterol).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les dones que segueixen tractaments amb medicaments que contenen estr\u00f2gens (anticonceptius).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Els pacients amb malalties intestinals cr\u00f2niques, com ara la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cun.es\/enfermedades-tratamientos\/enfermedades\/enfermedad-crohn#:~:text=La%20enfermedad%20de%20Crohn%20es,peso%2C%20hemorragia%20rectal%2C%20etc.\">malaltia de Crohn<\/a> i la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicbarcelona.org\/asistencia\/enfermedades\/enfermedad-inflamatoria-intestinal\/colitis-ulcerosa\">colitis ulcerosa<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quins_simptomes_es_manifesten\"><\/span><strong>Quins s\u00edmptomes es manifesten<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nom\u00e9s una de cada tres persones amb c\u00e0lculs biliars en t\u00e9 s\u00edmptomes alguna vegada a la vida. S\u00f3n variables, per\u00f2 es poden classificar en quatre grups:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Colics_biliars_de_repeticio_litiasi_biliar_cronica\"><\/span><strong>C\u00f2lics biliars de repetici\u00f3 (litiasi biliar cr\u00f2nica)<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La <a href=\"https:\/\/www.msdmanuals.com\/es-es\/professional\/trastornos-hep%C3%A1ticos-y-biliares\/trastornos-de-la-ves%C3%ADcula-biliar-y-los-conductos-biliares\/colecistitis-cr%C3%B3nica\">litiasi biliar cr\u00f2nica<\/a> es caracteritza per:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dolor c\u00f2lic, que \u00e9s agut, indefinit i intermitent, i s\u2019acompanya de s\u00edmptomes com ara la sudoraci\u00f3 intensa i les n\u00e0usees. Es localitza a la regi\u00f3 superior dreta de l\u2019abdomen, a sota de la vora costal, i es pot estendre a l\u2019espatlla dreta o a l\u2019esquena.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sol apar\u00e8ixer despr\u00e9s d\u2019un \u00e0pat amb greixos (formatge, ous o xocolata).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El dolor empitjora gradualment durant una hora fins que es torna constant.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pot durar de pocs minuts a diverses hores.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia i la intensitat dels c\u00f2lics \u00e9s variable, per\u00f2 sol augmentar amb el temps.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>El dolor c\u00f2lic biliar pot ser dif\u00edcil de diferenciar del que causen altres malalties com l\u2019\u00falcera gastroduodenal, el <a href=\"https:\/\/www.clinicbarcelona.org\/asistencia\/enfermedades\/litiasis-renal\/colico-nefritico-cn\">c\u00f2lic nefr\u00edtic<\/a> (de rony\u00f3), la lumb\u00e0lgia, la pneum\u00f2nia o l\u2019angina de pit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Colecistitis_aguda\"><\/span><strong>Colecistitis aguda<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9s una <a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000264.htm\">infecci\u00f3 i inflamaci\u00f3 aguda<\/a> de la ves\u00edcula biliar. Els s\u00edmptomes que s\u2019hi associen s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dolor similar al d\u2019un c\u00f2lic biliar, per\u00f2 m\u00e9s intens i durador (supera les 12 hores).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La regi\u00f3 superior dreta de l\u2019abdomen es mostra molt sensible i adolorida amb la pressi\u00f3.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u2019acompanya de febre i esgarrifances.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>El mal empitjora amb el moviment o quan es tus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Els pacients de colecistitis aguda solen tenir c\u00e0lculs biliars, tot i que no pas sempre.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>El tractament exigeix hospitalitzaci\u00f3 i hi ha dues opcions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tractament inicial conservador, amb rep\u00f2s digestiu i antibi\u00f2tics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cirurgia immediata, amb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cun.es\/enfermedades-tratamientos\/tratamientos\/colescistectomia#:~:text=%C2%BFQu%C3%A9%20es%20la%20colecistectom%C3%ADa%3F,el%2095%25%20de%20los%20pacientes.\">extirpaci\u00f3 de la ves\u00edcula biliar<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>En el primer cas \u00e9s recomanable d\u2019extirpar-la quan se\u2019n supera el quadre agut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ictericia\"><\/span><strong>Icter\u00edcia<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9s una <a href=\"https:\/\/www.merckmanuals.com\/es-us\/hogar\/breve-informaci%C3%B3n-trastornos-del-h%C3%ADgado-y-de-la-ves%C3%ADcula-biliar\/manifestaciones-cl%C3%ADnicas-de-las-enfermedades-hep%C3%A1ticas\/ictericia-en-adultos\">coloraci\u00f3 groguenca<\/a> de la pell i del blanc dels ulls. Tamb\u00e9 fa que l\u2019orina es torni molt fosca, del color del conyac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Es produeix quan un c\u00e0lcul biliar obstrueix el tub (col\u00e8doc) que condueix la bilis del fetge fins a l\u2019intest\u00ed (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.es\/es-revista-cirugia-espanola-36-articulo-opciones-actuales-el-diagnostico-tratamiento-12517\">coledocolitiasi<\/a>), i la bilis passa a la sang. Es caracteritza per:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La tonalitat groguenca que hem descrit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Picor a la pell.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Femta descolorida i blanquinosa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dolor similar al d\u2019un c\u00f2lic biliar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>El tractament consisteix a desobstruir el conducte biliar (amb cirurgia o endosc\u00f2pia) i extirpar la ves\u00edcula biliar per evitar que es repeteixin aquests quadres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si s\u2019acompanya de febre i esgarrifances, vol dir que hi ha infecci\u00f3 de la bilis obstru\u00efda. En aquest cas, \u00e9s un quadre molt greu que demana tractament immediat amb ingr\u00e9s hospitalari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/dolor-estomago2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/dolor-estomago2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/dolor-estomago2-440x275.jpg 440w, https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/dolor-estomago2-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">people, healthcare and problem concept &#8211; unhappy woman suffering from stomach ache at home<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pancreatitis_aguda\"><\/span><strong>Pancreatitis aguda<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>El conducte del p\u00e0ncrees desemboca, juntament amb el conducte biliar, a l\u2019intest\u00ed. Quan un c\u00e0lcul biliar obstrueix el conducte del p\u00e0ncrees, es produeix una afecci\u00f3 que coneixem com a pancreatitis biliar aguda. Els s\u00edmptomes que s\u2019hi associen s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dolor intens a la meitat superior de l\u2019abdomen, que se est\u00e9n a tots dos costats de l\u2019esquena com si fos una corretja.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basques i v\u00f2mits.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Distensi\u00f3 o inflor de l\u2019abdomen.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pot anar acompanyat d\u2019icter\u00edcia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>La <a href=\"https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/spanish\/ency\/article\/000287.htm\">pancreatitis aguda<\/a> requereix hospitalitzaci\u00f3 (amb rep\u00f2s digestiu i analg\u00e8sics) i, en la majoria de casos, t\u00e9 una evoluci\u00f3 benigna i es resol al cap de pocs dies. De manera excepcional, es pot complicar i esdevenir una pancreatitis hemorr\u00e0gica, que \u00e9s molt greu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Una vegada se\u2019n supera el quadre agut, cal programar l\u2019extirpaci\u00f3 de la ves\u00edcula biliar per evitar nous episodis de pancreatitis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Com_es_diagnostiquen\"><\/span><strong>Com es diagnostiquen<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019ecografia abdominal detecta amb precisi\u00f3 si hi ha c\u00e0lculs a la ves\u00edcula.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cal fer una an\u00e0lisi de sang per comprovar el bon funcionament del fetge i dels conductes biliars (bilirubina i enzims hep\u00e0tics), i tamb\u00e9 del p\u00e0ncrees (amilasa a la sang i a l\u2019orina)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Per diagnosticar-los, s\u00f3n m\u00e9s \u00fatils la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elsevier.es\/es-revista-cirugia-espanola-36-articulo-colangiografia-por-resonancia-magnetica-crm--13100909\">colangiografia per resson\u00e0ncia ma<\/a>gn\u00e8tica i la <a href=\"https:\/\/www.miendoscopia.com\/procedimientos\/cpre\/#:~:text=%C2%BFQu%C3%A9%20es%20la%20CPRE%3F,la%20anatom%C3%ADa%20de%20los%20conductos.\">colangiopancreaticografia retr\u00f2grada endosc\u00f2pica<\/a> (CPRE). Amb aquesta darrera prova es fa passar un endoscopi per la desembocadura dels conductes biliar i pancre\u00e0tic a l\u2019intest\u00ed. \u00c9s una t\u00e8cnica invasiva i pot tenir certes complicacions, per\u00f2 el resultat \u00e9s prec\u00eds i permet d\u2019extreure els c\u00e0lculs d\u2019aquests conductes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Amb la colangiografia per resson\u00e0ncia magn\u00e8tica s\u2019obt\u00e9 una imatge acceptable de l\u2019arbre biliar i \u00e9s c\u00f2moda per al pacient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Com_es_tracten_els_calculs_biliars\"><\/span><strong>Com es tracten els c\u00e0lculs biliars<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Els c\u00e0lculs que no produeixen s\u00edmptomes no demanen cap tractament; altrament, el tractament m\u00e9s efectiu \u00e9s el quir\u00fargic. Tanmateix, hi ha alternatives disponibles per als pacients de risc quan cal la cirurgia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dissolucio_dels_calculs_amb_medicaments\"><\/span><strong>Dissoluci\u00f3 dels c\u00e0lculs amb medicaments<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ocasionalment \u00e9s possible, per\u00f2 el tractament \u00e9s for\u00e7a llarg i, quan se susp\u00e8n la presa de medicaci\u00f3, els c\u00e0lculs tornen a apar\u00e8ixer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Litotricia_biliar\"><\/span><strong>Litotr\u00edcia biliar<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>La <a href=\"https:\/\/www.intramed.net\/contenidover.asp?contenidoid=34067\">litotr\u00edcia biliar<\/a> esmicola els c\u00e0lculs mitjan\u00e7ant ultrasons. Tot seguit cal extreure o dissoldre\u2019n els fragments amb una CPRE. El procediment pot ocasionar complicacions si s\u2019obstrueixen els conductes biliar o pancre\u00e0tic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tractament_quirurgic\"><\/span><strong>Tractament quir\u00fargic<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Consisteix a extirpar la ves\u00edcula biliar (colecistectomia). Es fa amb anest\u00e8sia general i, actualment, m\u00e9s del 90 % de les intervencions es du a terme mitjan\u00e7ant laparosc\u00f2pia. La cirurgia oberta convencional es reserva per als casos que s\u00f3n especialment dif\u00edcils, com quan hi ha colecistitis aguda evolucionada, perforaci\u00f3 de la ves\u00edcula o abscessos de pus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quins_efectes_te_lextirpacio_de_la_vesicula\"><\/span><strong>Quins efectes t\u00e9 l\u2019extirpaci\u00f3 de la ves\u00edcula<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Una vegada extirpada, desapareixen els c\u00f2lics i, en general, els greixos s\u00f3n ben tolerats. La colecistectomia causa poques complicacions, i la manca de ves\u00edcula no t\u00e9 efectes indesitjats per al sistema digestiu, tot i que certs pacients poden reportar meteorisme o diarrea biliar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bibliografia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.cun.es\/enfermedades-tratamientos\/enfermedades\/litiasis-biliar\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.msdmanuals.com\/es-es\/hogar\/trastornos-del-h%C3%ADgado-y-de-la-ves%C3%ADcula-biliar\/trastornos-de-la-ves%C3%ADcula-biliar-y-de-las-v%C3%ADas-biliares\/c%C3%A1lculos-biliares\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.elsevier.es\/es-revista-farmacia-profesional-3-articulo-litiasis-biliar-actualizacion-13112868\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ves\u00edcula biliar i on \u00e9s La ves\u00edcula \u00e9s un \u00f2rgan situat a sota del fetge, a la zona superior dreta de l\u2019abdomen, i t\u00e9 forma de sac. La ves\u00edcula es connecta al tub que condueix la bilis del fetge fins a l\u2019intest\u00ed. La bilis se secreta al fetge i s\u2019emmagatzema a la [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":31308,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-salut"],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"Revista Inter\u00e8s Mutu","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/ca\/blog\/author\/interesmutu\/"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten - MGC M\u00fatua<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten - MGC M\u00fatua\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ves\u00edcula biliar i on \u00e9s La ves\u00edcula \u00e9s un \u00f2rgan situat a sota del fetge, a la zona superior dreta de l\u2019abdomen, i t\u00e9 forma de sac. La ves\u00edcula es connecta al tub que condueix la bilis del fetge fins a l\u2019intest\u00ed. La bilis se secreta al fetge i s\u2019emmagatzema a la [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"MGC M\u00fatua\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mgcmutua\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-03-14T11:53:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"352\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Revista Inter\u00e8s Mutu\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@mgcmutua\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@mgcmutua\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrit per\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Revista Inter\u00e8s Mutu\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minuts\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten - MGC M\u00fatua","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten - MGC M\u00fatua","og_description":"Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s la ves\u00edcula biliar i on \u00e9s La ves\u00edcula \u00e9s un \u00f2rgan situat a sota del fetge, a la zona superior dreta de l\u2019abdomen, i t\u00e9 forma de sac. La ves\u00edcula es connecta al tub que condueix la bilis del fetge fins a l\u2019intest\u00ed. La bilis se secreta al fetge i s\u2019emmagatzema a la [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313","og_site_name":"MGC M\u00fatua","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/mgcmutua","article_published_time":"2024-03-14T11:53:15+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":352,"url":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Revista Inter\u00e8s Mutu","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@mgcmutua","twitter_site":"@mgcmutua","twitter_misc":{"Escrit per":"Revista Inter\u00e8s Mutu","Temps estimat de lectura":"6 minuts"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["Article","BlogPosting"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313"},"author":{"name":"Revista Inter\u00e8s Mutu","@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/#\/schema\/person\/010c961d9c9acf38f11187a02b646c16"},"headline":"Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten","datePublished":"2024-03-14T11:53:15+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313"},"wordCount":1322,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Calculos-biliares.jpg","articleSection":["Salut i medicina"],"inLanguage":"ca"},{"@type":["WebPage","ItemPage"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313","url":"https:\/\/www.mgc.es\/?p=31313","name":"Pedres a la ves\u00edcula o c\u00e0lculs biliars: qu\u00e8 s\u00f3n i com es tracten - 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